Internet Research Materials

• International Mediation in African Civil Wars
• Ivory Coast Makes Steps towards Peace

Questions for Discussion

• Define and differentiate “soft” from “hard” mediation. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each strategy? Under what circumstances is “soft” mediation more effective than “hard” mediation and vice versa ? In your opinion, what strategy seems more adequate to solve the conflict in Chechnya?

Key Terms

Interstate wars

Zero-sum game

“Fear equation”

“Hard” mediation

Non-state peacemakers

“Ripeness” of conflict

Hurting stalemate

“Just” peace vs. just peace

Unilateral victory

Cease-fire